In 1714, Charles XII gave them permission to live in his fiefdom of Zweibrücken in the Holy Roman Empire, where they were supported by the income of Zweibrücken: they lived there until the death of Charles XII in 1718. Posts about Marie Leszczyńska written by liamfoley63. Mairiage. [5] She protested but agreed and reportedly spoke passionately about the affair to the king, but she was unable to succeed, as the king reacted very negatively to her attempt to interfere in politics after the preparation from Fleury that women should not be allowed to participate in state affairs. Born Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska h. Wieniawa, she was the second daughter of Stanisław Leszczyński and his wife Katarzyna Opalińska. Memorial; Photos ; Flowers ; Polish Royalty, Queen consort of King Louis XV. The reason were two incidents, both of which insulted the queen: During one long night of gambling, Voltaire's lover, Emilie du Chatelet, lost a fortune at the queen's gambling table, during which Voltaire whispered to her in English that she had been cheated. Louis and Marie first met on the eve of their wedding, which took place on 5 September 1725, at the Château de Fontainebleau. [4] However, when the list of 17 (including Barbara of Portugal, Princess Charlotte Amalie of Denmark, Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine and Enrichetta d'Este) was further reduced to four, the preferred choices presented numerous problems. Marie Leszczyńska: | | |This is the correct spelling of the surname in modern Polish; other spellings ... World Heritage Encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most definitive collection ever assembled. Marie Leszczyńska, Queen of France. The Duke of Bourbon and Madame de Prie began negotiations for the immediate marriage of the King to Marie. [5] Louis XV, who suffered from restlessness and needed to be entertained, eventually became more inclined to listen when Marie was unfavorably compared to other women, and Cardinal Fleury, who wished to prevent Marie from eventually getting any influence over the king, favored the idea of the king taking a mistress as long as she was apolitical. She was the longest serving Queen consort of France. As queen, Marie Leszczyńska performed her ceremonial role in strict accordance with formal court etiquette and regularly and punctually fulfilled all representational duties that the court life at Versailles demanded of her. 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Marie Leszczyńska, daughter of the deposed King of Poland, married Louis XV in 1725 thanks to the influence of the Duke of Bourbon. During his visit to Versailles, she acted as an interpreter for her spouse and family who did not understand German. This was an undesirable prospect for the Duke of Bourbon, who himself would in fact have preferred that the throne should pass to the Spanish line rather than to the Orléans line. In the end, the 21-year-old Marie Leszczyńska, daughter of Stanislaus I, the deposed king of Poland, was finally chosen.The marriage was celebrated in September 1725 when the king was 15. Devoid of political connections, his daughter was viewed by the French as being free from the burden of international alliances. Her other favorite lady in waiting was her Dame d'atour, Françoise de Mazarin, who supported Marie during the affair between her cousin, Louise Julie de Mailly, and the king. Marie Leszczyńska (Trzebnica, 23 June 1703 – Versailles, 24 June 1768) was a queen of France as wife of Louis XV. source: Wikipedia. After her marriage, her appointed court consisted of a great number of followers of the Duke of Bourbon, among them Madame de Prie herself, the Duchess de Béthune, and the Marquise de Matignon, who were among her twelve ladies-in-waiting or dame du palais; the Duke's own sister, Marie Anne de Bourbon (1697–1741), became her Surintendante de la Maison the la Reine and Paris de Verney was appointed as her secretary. Libris 10428618. A devout Roman Catholic throughout her life, Marie was popular among the French people for her generosity and introduced many Polish customs to the royal court at Versailles. Wahlström & Widstrand (1947), Clarissa Campbell Orr: Queenship in Europe 1660-1815: The Role of the Consort. Stanislaus unsuccessfully tried to arrange a marriage for her with the Count of Charolais, brother of the Duke of Bourbon. Finally, Madame de Pompadour was presented at court in 1745, and was given such an important and influential position at court until her death in 1764, that she somewhat eclipsed the queen. Queen Marie was initially not respected by the royal court, where she was regarded as low-born. Marie Leszczyńska 1703 1768 Marie Leszczyńska in Biographical Summaries of Notable People. [5] Marie made a good impression upon the public from the beginning, such as when she handed out largesse on her way to her wedding in Fontainebleau. [4], Marie was given an allowance of 100.000 livres for pleasure, charity and gambling, a sum which was in reality often irregularly paid and also insufficient, as she was often in debt. They had eleven children: Queen Marie never managed to acquire any political influence. [3] During this period in her life, Marie began speaking Swedish, with a Scanian accent. The Duke of d'Argensson had already left a favorable report of her, and the groundwork had been done. [4], Marie had been given advice by her father to always loyally stand by the Duke of Bourbon, to whom she owed her marriage and position, and it was a favor to the Duke that Marie made her first attempt to interfere in politics. [4] After the 1726 crisis and until the birth of a dauphin in 1729, Cardinal Fleury and the Princess of Carignano made long running preparations to replace Marie, preferably with Charlotte of Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg, if she should die in childbirth. [5], In parallel with this, Louise Julie de Mailly was officially recognized as the king's royal mistress and favorite at court, and the relationship between the king and queen discontinued in all but name; though they continued to perform their ceremonial roles side by side, the king paid only purely ceremonial visits to her rooms and no longer participated in her card games, and the court, wary of her loss of the king's affections, only attended to her when court representation required. [3] Zweibrücken then passed to a cousin of his. [5] In August 1727, Marie gave birth to her first children, twins named Louise Élisabeth and Anne Henriette, at the Palace of Versailles. Marie Leszczyńska, in full Marie-Catherine Leszczyńska, Polish Maria Karolina Leszczyńska, (born June 23, 1703, Breslau, Silesia—died June 24, 1768, Versailles, France), queen consort of King Louis XV of France (ruled 1715–74). [4] The king was reportedly delighted, stating that after it had been said that he could not be a father, he had suddenly become the father of two. Meanwhile, Cardinal Fleury learned of the plot to discredit him and left the palace. The relationship between Marie and Louis was initially described as a happy one, and for the first eight years of the marriage, Louis XV was faithful to her. Kept out of serious business and not held in particularly high regard in the Court, the Queen devoted her energies to the convent she founded in the town of Versailles for the education of poor girls. (Women alongside power: 1632-1772) Lund: Nordic Academic Press. She was escorted on her way by Mademoiselle de Clermont, seven ladies-in-waiting, two maids-of-honour and numerous equerries and pages in a long train of coaches; however, she was not welcomed by triumphal entries, diplomatic greetings or the other official celebrations, as was normally the custom upon the arrival of a foreign princess upon a royal marriage. She valued the ritualized pomp and court presentations in order to increase her dignity and win the respect of the court nobility, which was necessary because she had no prestigious dynastic connections of birth and was thus initially seen as low born by them:[4] her successor as queen, Marie Antoinette, was to ignore many of these rules, and once pointed out, that in contrast to her predecessor queen Marie Leszczyńska, it was not necessary for her to enhance her status and dignity, since her dynastic status was evident by birth, and that she could therefore afford to relax etiquette without losing respect. As Queen of France, she was known to welcome Swedish ambassadors to France with the phrase "Welcome, Dearest Heart!" A Taste of Marie Leszczyńska is presented in the Dauphine’s Apartments, which have been reopened for the occasion. Marie married Louis Xv of France on September 4 1725, at age 22. Queen Marie never managed to develop political influence. She had nine children. Cardinal Fleury easily prevented the British match because of religious reasons. In 1718, with the support of the Duke of Lorraine, the family was allowed to settle in Wissembourg in the province of Alsace, which had been annexed by France, a place suggested by Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, a nephew of Louis XIV and Regent of the Kingdom of France during Louis XV's minority. Marie Leszczyńska was born on June 23 1703, in Trzebnica, to Stanisław I Leszczyński and Catherine Opalińska. [4] Louis George, Margrave of Baden-Baden as well as the third Prince of Baden were suggested, but these negotiations fell through because of her insufficient dowry. [5] Once, for example, she could find no other way to entertain him than to suggest him to kill the flies in the window panes. As a devout Catholic, queen Marie gave her passive support to the so-called Dévots party at court, supported the bishops in their conflicts with the Parliament of Paris, and expressed sympathy for the Jesuit order in their conflict with the crown. Marie Leszczyńska vécut les vingt dernières années de sa vie à Versailles, entourée d'un cercle restreint de courtisans : « La maison de la reine était formée de gens d’esprit, de conditions sociales diverses, sur le modèle des fameux salons parisiens si caractéristiques de l’époque ». David Bodanis: Passionate Minds: Emilie du Chatelet, Voltaire, and the Great Love Affair of the Enlightenment (2007), Alexander J. Nemeth: Voltaire's Tormented Soul. [4] The marriage negotiations, however, were soon overshadowed when a marriage for King Louis XV was given priority. On 4 September 1725, she married Louis XV of France. The announcement of the wedding was not received well at the royal court. Marie was twenty-two years old and Louis fifteen. Although she rarely was involved in politics, she stepped in for her husband at court festivities at Versaille, due to his absence. [4] This incident led to Cardinal Fleury categorizing queen Marie as his opponent, and his decision to oust the ministry of the Duke of Bourbon. Cardinal Fleury warned the king that no woman should be allowed to participate in state affairs, and that listening to women's advises would lead to disaster.[5]. She had been placed there initially because she was a Catholic princess and therefore fulfilled the minimum criteria, but was removed early on when the list was reduced from 99 to 17, for being too poor. After the difficult birth of Princess Louise in 1737, which nearly took her life, Marie was advised by the doctors that another pregnancy may end her life, and from 1738, she refused Louis entrance to her bedroom. Her major contribution to life at Versailles was the weekly Polish choral concerts. [5] [4] She and the clergy supported the idea of the king exiling his mistress Marie Anne de Mailly and her sister and the idea that the king should make a public regret for his adultery, but this did not improve their marriage.[5]. The daughter of King Stanislaus I of Poland and Catherine Opalińska, her 42-year service was the longest of any queen in French history. One of seven children, he was the second surviving son of Louis, the Dauphin of France, and the grandson of Louis XV of France and of his consort, Maria Leszczyńska. [5], While her mother and grandmother Anna Leszczyńska (1660–1727) reportedly suffered from a certain degree of bitterness over their exile and loss of position which worsened their relationship with Stanislaus, whom they occasionally blamed for their exile, Marie, on contrast, was close to her father and spent a lot of time conversing with him, though she was evidently of a more rational nature: evidently, Marie "possessed the gift of suffering in silence and of never wearying others with her troubles", and was said to have developed "a profound and intense piety" which gave "to her youthful mind the maturity of a woman who no longer demands happiness". [3] During the escape, Marie was separated from the rest of her family; she was later found with her nurse hiding in a crib in a stable, although another version claims it was actually a cave in an old mineshaft. Stanislaus appealed to the Regent of France, the Duke of Orléans, and the Duke of Lorraine for help, with the Queen of Sweden acting as his mediator.[4]. Her family sincerely grieved her death. It was a success, was printed and sold in prints. She met the castrato Farinelli in 1737, and the young Mozart in 1764, whom she found very charming. [4], She accepted that her courtiers were appointed because of rank rather than personal preference, and conversed politely with those who were in attendance. [4] It was also a fact, that if the king should die before his son was an adult, then she would in accordance with custom have become regent of France until his 13th birthday, which made Marie a potential regent from the birth of the dauphin until his 13th-birthday,[4] a fact which would have been well known at court. The 6 May 1725, Marie was forced to undergo a medical examination, which ruled out epilepsy and also gave reassuring reports about her menstruation and ability to procreate. Marie Leszczyńska appears in 1 issues View all The Story of Sex: A Graphic History Through the Ages. Norrhem, Svante (2007). [4], Marie reconciled with Cardinal Fleury, whom she kept contact with through letters and humbly entrusted to advise her how to behave in order to please the king. According to our records, Marie Leszczyńska is possibly single. Stanisław was born on October 20 1677, in LWÔW, Pologne. Maria was on a list of 99 eligible European princesses to marry the young king. Marie's private circle of friends was completed with the addition of President Hénault (her Surintendant since 1753) and Comte d'Argenson, whom she had asked not to address her with her title and with whom she also consulted when she wished to have a pension or a promotion given to a protegé. There were rumours before the wedding that the bride […] Marie Leszczyńska was truly a people's queen. Louis XV is thus left to his own devices after the successive deaths of his mistress and wife. Despite her misgivings as a mother, Marie Marie Leszczyńska was very popular among her subjects and her death on June 24, 1768 was a huge blow to the King and the French monarchy who was already reeling behind unpopularity due to the excesses of the court and plight of the peasants. Louis XV had been very impatient to marry her, was reportedly flattered to have a twenty two-year old wife at his age, and refused to allow any criticism of her appearance. [4] Marie played some part as a cultural patron. View Source: Share. Marie Leszczyńska, daughter of the deposed King of Poland, married Louis XV in 1725 thanks to the influence of the Duke of Bourbon. The lovers of Louis were often given positions in the court of Marie, in order for them to have a permanent access and official excuse to remain at court, which placed Marie in a difficult position. She was not the first choice on the list. [4] Cardinal de Fleury, who had been Louis's tutor, was appointed her grand almoner. Lundh-Eriksson, Nanna: Hedvig Eleonora. However the Infanta was still a child, and could not be expected to conceive for several years; while Louis XV, being fifteen, had already hit puberty. Marie Leszczyńska, Queen consort of France and Navarre ca. However, the friction was soon overcome, reportedly because Marie-Josèphe was an admirer of the Queen's father. ", and became enthusiastic of the match, an episode which attracted some attention. "[5] There were rumors before the wedding that the bride was ugly, epileptic and sterile. Marie Leszczyńska spoke several languages and was highly cultured, with a great interest in the creative occupations, literature, music and art – especially painting. Her “colourist”, Etienne Jeaurat, guided her paintbrush for 15 years, and she was advised by Jean-Baptiste Oudry. In honour of him, several of the queen's grandsons received the name Stanislaus (or Stanislas in French) at their christening. Marie, Caroline, Sophie, Félicie de BOURBON (born LESZCZYNSKA) was born on month day 1703, at birth place, to Stanisław 1er LESZCYNSKI and Katarzyna (Catherine) LESZCYNSKA (born OPALINSKA). [4] At this point, there were already negotiations of marriage between Marie and the Duke of Bourbon. [4] The princess' advice was that as Queen of France, it was Marie's duty was not to involve herself in political intrigues and plots, but to act as an example of virtue and piety and a role model of a "Catholic consort of the Most Christian King". Her death on 24 June 1768 at the age of 65 was a huge blow to the French monarchy. Furthermore, despite her surname being difficult to spell or to pronounce for the French, it was still commonly used by commoners. Queen Marie of France, pained by Carle van Loo, c1747. [4] In the marriage contract, the same terms were given to her as was previously to the Spanish Infanta, and she was thus guaranteed fifty thousand crowns for rings and jewelry, two hundred and fifty thousand crowns upon her wedding, and the further guarantee of an annual widow allowance of twenty thousand crowns.[5]. [5], The formal proposal was made on 2 April 1725. of France. Background. Indeed, one of the rooms in her private apartment was laid out as a studio. His uncle, the future. In the end, the 21-year-old Marie Leszczyńska, daughter of Stanisław I, the deposed king of Poland, was finally chosen. Tag Archives: Queen Marie Leszczyńska May 10, 1774: Death of Louis XV, King of France and Navarre. Despite her lack of influence, she did have political views, and also some indirect political importance. The long-awaited Dauphin, Louis, was born on 4 September 1729 to the immense relief of the country, whose royal family had a history of failing to establish a secure male line of succession. Cardinal Fleury accepted the choice as Marie posed no threat to him because of her lack of connections, while the Duke of Bourbon and Madame de Prie, precisely because she lacked any personal power base, expected her to be indebted to them for her position. Marriage and children. [4] However, though she was careful to always fulfill her representational role, she never participated in court life outside of what was necessary to fulfill her ceremonial duties, and when they were done she preferred to retire to her private apartments with an intimate circle of friends. [5] [5], Louis XV eventually became a notorious womaniser. by Scott Mehl. Their lifestyle in Wissembourg was regarded as very below standard for a royal at that time; they lived in a small house, and could not pay the salary of their small retinue from which a few "served as an apology for a guard of honour", and the jewels of the former queen Catherine were reportedly held as security by a moneylender. Marie Leszczyńska (Trzebnica, 23 June 1703 – Versailles, 24 June 1768) was a queen consort of France. Kept out of serious business and not held in particularly high regard in the Court, the Queen devoted her energies to the convent she founded in the town of Versailles for the education of poor girls. Marie's father Stanislaus had been a monarch for only a short time and she was thought to be a poor choice of inferior status not worthy of being queen of France. Cardinal Fleury, however, was much more displeased, and decided that until the queen had given birth to a son, she would not be allowed to accompany the king on his trips but stay at Versailles. Marie Louise Thérèse Victoire was born on 11 May 1733 and was known as Madame Quatrième as her birth happened shortly after the death of Marie Louise. She was buried at the Basilica of St Denis, and her heart was entombed at the Church of Notre-Dame-de-Bonsecours in Nancy (Lorraine). This is the correct spelling of the surname in modern Polish; other spellings are also used in English and French. Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska was the wife of King Louis XV of France. Marie Leszczyńska (Trzebnica, 23 June 1703 – Versailles, 24 June 1768) was a queen of France as wife of Louis XV. The last two were the sisters of the Duke of Bourbon, Henriette-Louise and Therese-Alexandrine, whom the King himself refused to marry because of the disapproval of Cardinal Fleury. During the serious illness of Louis XV in Metz in August 1744, when he was believed to be dying, Marie was given his permission to join him, and was cheered by the supporting public along her journey, but when she arrived, he no longer wished to see her. [4] In 1720, she was suggested as a bride to Louis Henri de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, (who preferred being and was known as the Duke of Bourbon, rather than Prince of Condé) but her intended mother-in-law Louise Françoise de Bourbon refused to give her consent. About. Her children all regarded her as a role model of virtue, particularly the daughters, though Marie herself reportedly was not noted to show much affection toward them, being phlegmatic in her nature. The Duke and de Prie planned to use the absence of Fleury to have him confined to an abbey, and gave Marie the task of informing Louis XV that the absent Fleury wished to enter an Abbey and leave his position at court. In Culture. [3] In Sweden, the family was welcomed by the queen dowager Hedwig Eleonora of Holstein-Gottorp and became popular members of society life on the estates of the nobility around Kristianstad. Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska (Polish: [ˈmarja lɛʂˈtʂɨj̃ska]; 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768), also known as Marie Leczinska (French: [maʁi lɛɡzɛ̃ska]), was a Polish princess and Queen consort of France from 1725 until 1768 by marriage to Louis XV. She functioned as an example of Catholic piety and was famed for her generosity to the poor and needy through her philanthropy, which made her very popular among the public her entire life as queen.[4]. Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska (23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768) (Polish pronunciation: [lɛʂˈtʂɨɲska]), also known as Marie Leczinska (pronounced [maʁi lɛɡzɛ̃ska]), was a Polish noblewoman and French Queen consort. Her dislike of the match was known but ignored, as she had no dynastic connections. [4] The engagement between Louis XV and the Spanish Infanta was broken, and the latter was sent back to Spain, much to the chagrin of the Spanish. Marie Leszczyńska : biography 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768 This is the correct spelling of the surname in modern Polish; various other spellings are also used in English and French. Should that happen, the throne would pass to the Orléans line. [5] in Swedish. That same year, the young king fell ill and, fearing the consequences of the unmarried king dying without an heir, the Duc suggested getting the young King married as soon as possible. The doors were locked to ensure secrecy and the duke presented the king with a report from their ambassador in Rome which blamed Fleury for the French failure in a dispute with the Pope. Marie Leszczynsaka, Queen Consort of France for nearly 45 years was truly a people's queen. Date of birth/death: 17 March 1685 7 November 1766 Location of birth/death: Paris: Paris: Work period: 1700s-1750s: Work location: Paris Authority control: Q277738; VIAF: 61708615; ISNI: 0000 0000 8141 1717; ULAN: 500120754; LCCN: n90662682; MusicBrainz: b25ab8a0-a7d3-45a4-846f-1b1b0473e950; WorldCat; Title: English: Marie Leszczyńska, Queen of France, Reading the Bible … [4] After the war, her father was given the Duchy of Lorraine because he was the father-in-law of the king of France, and the Duchy became part of France after the death of her father who became Duke of Lorraine, thus making herself indirectly useful in the political arena. Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska (h. Wieniawa)[1] was the second daughter of Stanislaus I Leszczyński and his wife, Catherine Opalińska. [4] Her political activity after 1726 was limited to asking Louis XV to grant a pension or a promotion to a friend, and she often used Cardinal Fleury as a mediator to achieve this.[4]. 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